Supported SQL Syntax

The EBNF and Railroad Diagrams for the supported SQL Syntax.

CompilationUnit

CompilationUnit          ::= direct_SQL_statement* EOF

Not referenced by any.

non_reserved_word

non_reserved_word          ::= 'A'            | 'ABSOLUTE'            | 'ACTION'            | 'ADA'            | 'ADD'            | 'ADMIN'            | 'AFTER'            | 'ALWAYS'            | 'ASC'            | 'ASSERTION'            | 'ASSIGNMENT'            | 'ATTRIBUTE'            | 'ATTRIBUTES'            | 'BEFORE'            | 'BERNOULLI'            | 'BREADTH'            | 'C'            | 'CASCADE'            | 'CATALOG'            | 'CATALOG_NAME'            | 'CHAIN'            | 'CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG'            | 'CHARACTER_SET_NAME'            | 'CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA'            | 'CHARACTERISTICS'            | 'CHARACTERS'            | 'CLASS_ORIGIN'            | 'COBOL'            | 'COLLATION'            | 'COLLATION_CATALOG'            | 'COLLATION_NAME'            | 'COLLATION_SCHEMA'            | 'COLUMN_NAME'            | 'COMMAND_FUNCTION'            | 'COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE'            | 'COMMITTED'            | 'CONDITION_NUMBER'            | 'CONNECTION'            | 'CONNECTION_NAME'            | 'CONSTRAINT_CATALOG'            | 'CONSTRAINT_NAME'            | 'CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA'            | 'CONSTRAINTS'            | 'CONSTRUCTOR'            | 'CONTAINS'            | 'CONTINUE'            | 'CURSOR_NAME'            | 'DATA'            | 'DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE'            | 'DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION'            | 'DEFAULTS'            | 'DEFERRABLE'            | 'DEFERRED'            | 'DEFINED'            | 'DEFINER'            | 'DEGREE'            | 'DEPTH'            | 'DERIVED'            | 'DESC'            | 'DESCRIPTOR'            | 'DIAGNOSTICS'            | 'DISPATCH'            | 'DOMAIN'            | 'DYNAMIC_FUNCTION'            | 'DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE'            | 'ENFORCED'            | 'EQUALS'            | 'EXCLUDE'            | 'EXCLUDING'            | 'EXPRESSION'            | 'FINAL'            | 'FIRST'            | 'FLAG'            | 'FOLLOWING'            | 'FORTRAN'            | 'FOUND'            | 'G'            | 'GENERAL'            | 'GENERATED'            | 'GO'            | 'GOTO'            | 'GRANTED'            | 'HIERARCHY'            | 'IF'            | 'IGNORE'            | 'IMMEDIATE'            | 'IMPLEMENTATION'            | 'INCLUDING'            | 'INCREMENT'            | 'INITIALLY'            | 'INPUT'            | 'INSTANCE'            | 'INSTANTIABLE'            | 'INSTEAD'            | 'INVOKER'            | 'ISOLATION'            | 'K'            | 'KEY'            | 'KEY_MEMBER'            | 'KEY_TYPE'            | 'LAST'            | 'LENGTH'            | 'LEVEL'            | 'LOCATOR'            | 'M'            | 'MAP'            | 'MATCHED'            | 'MAXVALUE'            | 'MESSAGE_LENGTH'            | 'MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH'            | 'MESSAGE_TEXT'            | 'MINVALUE'            | 'MORE'            | 'MUMPS'            | 'NAMES'            | 'NESTING'            | 'NEXT'            | 'NFC'            | 'NFD'            | 'NFKC'            | 'NFKD'            | 'NORMALIZED'            | 'NULLABLE'            | 'NULLS'            | 'NUMBER'            | 'OBJECT'            | 'OCTETS'            | 'OPTION'            | 'OPTIONS'            | 'ORDERING'            | 'ORDINALITY'            | 'OTHERS'            | 'OUTPUT'            | 'OVERRIDING'            | 'P'            | 'PAD'            | 'PARAMETER_MODE'            | 'PARAMETER_NAME'            | 'PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION'            | 'PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG'            | 'PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME'            | 'PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA'            | 'PARTIAL'            | 'PASCAL'            | 'PATH'            | 'PLACING'            | 'PLI'            | 'PRECEDING'            | 'PRESERVE'            | 'PRIOR'            | 'PRIVILEGES'            | 'PROPERTIES'            | 'PUBLIC'            | 'READ'            | 'RELATIVE'            | 'REPEATABLE'            | 'RESPECT'            | 'RESTART'            | 'RESTRICT'            | 'RETURNED_CARDINALITY'            | 'RETURNED_LENGTH'            | 'RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH'            | 'RETURNED_SQLSTATE'            | 'ROLE'            | 'ROUTINE'            | 'ROUTINE_CATALOG'            | 'ROUTINE_NAME'            | 'ROUTINE_SCHEMA'            | 'ROW_COUNT'            | 'SCALE'            | 'SCHEMA'            | 'SCHEMA_NAME'            | 'SCOPE_CATALOG'            | 'SCOPE_NAME'            | 'SCOPE_SCHEMA'            | 'SECTION'            | 'SECURITY'            | 'SELF'            | 'SEQUENCE'            | 'SERIALIZABLE'            | 'SERVER_NAME'            | 'SESSION'            | 'SETS'            | 'SIMPLE'            | 'SIZE'            | 'SOURCE'            | 'SPACE'            | 'SPECIFIC_NAME'            | 'STATE'            | 'STATEMENT'            | 'STRUCTURE'            | 'STYLE'            | 'SUBCLASS_ORIGIN'            | 'T'            | 'TABLE_NAME'            | 'TEMPORARY'            | 'TIES'            | 'TOP_LEVEL_COUNT'            | 'TRANSACTION'            | 'TRANSACTION_ACTIVE'            | 'TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED'            | 'TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK'            | 'TRANSFORM'            | 'TRANSFORMS'            | 'TRIGGER_CATALOG'            | 'TRIGGER_NAME'            | 'TRIGGER_SCHEMA'            | 'TRY_CAST'            | 'TYPE'            | 'UNBOUNDED'            | 'UNCOMMITTED'            | 'UNDER'            | 'UNNAMED'            | 'USAGE'            | 'USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG'            | 'USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE'            | 'USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME'            | 'USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA'            | 'VIEW'            | 'WORK'            | 'WRITE'            | 'ZONE'            | 'ABS'            | 'ALL'            | 'ARRAY_AGG'            | 'AT'            | 'AVG'            | 'BLOB'            | 'BOTH'            | 'CARDINALITY'            | 'CLOSE'            | 'COLUMN'            | 'CONDITION'            | 'COUNT'            | 'CUBE'            | 'CURRENT'            | 'CURRENT_CATALOG'            | 'CURRENT_DATE'            | 'CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP'            | 'CURRENT_PATH'            | 'CURRENT_ROLE'            | 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'            | 'CURRENT_TIME'            | 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'            | 'CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE'            | 'CURRENT_USER'            | 'CURSOR'            | 'CYCLE'            | 'DATE'            | 'DAY'            | 'DAYS'            | 'DEC'            | 'DYNAMIC'            | 'EXP'            | 'EXTERNAL'            | 'FILTER'            | 'FLOOR'            | 'FREE'            | 'FUNCTION'            | 'GLOBAL'            | 'HOLD'            | 'HOUR'            | 'HOURS'            | 'IDENTITY'            | 'INDICATOR'            | 'INTERSECTION'            | 'INTERVAL'            | 'LANGUAGE'            | 'LEAD'            | 'LOCAL'            | 'LOWER'            | 'MAX'            | 'MERGE'            | 'METHOD'            | 'MIN'            | 'MINUTE'            | 'MINUTES'            | 'MOD'            | 'MODULE'            | 'MONTH'            | 'MONTHS'            | 'NAME'            | 'NEW'            | 'NONE'            | 'OCCURRENCE'            | 'OFFSET'            | 'OLD'            | 'OPEN'            | 'PARTITION'            | 'POSITION'            | 'POWER'            | 'PRECISION'            | 'RANGE'            | 'RANK'            | 'READS'            | 'REF'            | 'REFERENCES'            | 'RELEASE'            | 'RESULT'            | 'RETURNS'            | 'ROLLUP'            | 'ROW'            | 'ROW_NUMBER'            | 'ROWS'            | 'SAVEPOINT'            | 'SCOPE'            | 'SEARCH'            | 'SECOND'            | 'SECONDS'            | 'SESSION_USER'            | 'SQL'            | 'START'            | 'STATIC'            | 'SUM'            | 'SYSTEM'            | 'TIME'            | 'TIMESTAMP'            | 'TIMEZONE_HOUR'            | 'TIMEZONE_MINUTE'            | 'TRIGGER'            | 'TRUNCATE'            | 'UNKNOWN'            | 'UPDATE'            | 'UPPER'            | 'USER'            | 'VALUE'            | 'VALUES'            | 'VERSION'            | 'VERSIONS'            | 'WINDOW'            | 'YEAR'            | 'YEARS'            | 'COMMENT'            | 'DEFAULT'            | 'USE'            | 'LIMIT'            | 'NUMERIC_HISTOGRAM'            | 'REPLACE'            | 'HISTOGRAM'            | 'APPROEX_PERCENTILE'            | 'MAP_AGG'            | 'SET_AGG'            | 'MAP_UNION'            | '"COUNT"'

Referenced by: actual-identifier

left_bracket_or_trigraph

left_bracket_or_trigraph          ::= '['            | '??('

Referenced by: array-element-reference array-type array-value-constructor-by-enumeration empty-specification multiset-value-constructor-by-enumeration target-array-element-specification update-target

right_bracket_or_trigraph

right_bracket_or_trigraph          ::= ']'            | '??)'

Referenced by: array-element-reference array-type array-value-constructor-by-enumeration empty-specification multiset-value-constructor-by-enumeration target-array-element-specification update-target

literal

literal  ::= signed_numeric_literal            | general_literal

Referenced by: default-option simple-value-specification value-specification

signed_numeric_literal

signed_numeric_literal          ::= ( '+' | '-' )? unsigned_numeric_literal

Referenced by: literal sequence-generator-increment sequence-generator-max-value sequence-generator-min-value sequence-generator-restart-value sequence-generator-start-value

unsigned_literal

unsigned_literal          ::= unsigned_numeric_literal            | general_literal

Referenced by: unsigned-value-specification

unsigned_numeric_literal

unsigned_numeric_literal          ::= exact_numeric_literal            | approximate_numeric_literal

Referenced by: signed-numeric-literal unsigned-literal

exact_numeric_literal

exact_numeric_literal          ::= unsigned_integer            | float_literal

Referenced by: unsigned-numeric-literal

general_literal

general_literal          ::= character_string_literal            | national_character_string_literal            | Unicode_character_string_literal            | binary_string_literal            | datetime_literal            | interval_literal            | boolean_literal

Referenced by: literal unsigned-literal

character_string_literal

character_string_literal          ::= ( '_' character_set_specification )? quoted_string+

Referenced by: column-description date-literal direct-implementation-defined-statement external-routine-name general-literal interval-literal preparable-implementation-defined-statement routine-description table-description time-literal timestamp-literal

Unicode_character_string_literal

Unicode_character_string_literal          ::= ( '_' character_set_specification )? unicode_literal

Referenced by: general-literal

datetime_literal

datetime_literal          ::= date_literal            | time_literal            | timestamp_literal

Referenced by: general-literal

date_literal

date_literal          ::= 'DATE' character_string_literal

Referenced by: datetime-literal

time_literal

time_literal          ::= 'TIME' character_string_literal

Referenced by: datetime-literal

timestamp_literal

timestamp_literal          ::= 'TIMESTAMP' character_string_literal

Referenced by: datetime-literal

interval_literal

interval_literal          ::= 'INTERVAL' ( '+' | '-' )? character_string_literal interval_qualifier

Referenced by: general-literal

boolean_literal

boolean_literal          ::= 'TRUE'            | 'FALSE'            | 'UNKNOWN'

Referenced by: general-literal

identifier

identifier          ::= ( actual_identifier | '_' ) identifier_suffix_chain?

Referenced by: sql-identifier sql-parameter-declaration alias alter-column-definition alter-group as-clause asterisked-identifier-chain attribute-definition cast-to-distinct cast-to-ref cast-to-source cast-to-type catalog-name column-definition column-name-list column-options column-reference cycle-clause cycle-column-list delete-statement-positioned delete-statement-searched dereference-operation descriptor-name drop-attribute-definition drop-column-definition drop-role-statement dynamic-declare-cursor existing-identifier external-routine-name externally-invoked-procedure field-definition field-reference generalized-invocation grant-role-statement grantee group-specification host-parameter-name identifier-chain list-of-attributes member-name-alternatives merge-statement method-specification-designator module-authorization-clause module-name-clause mutated-set-clause mutated-target named-argument-specification partial-method-specification revoke-role-statement role-definition routine-name savepoint-specifier schema-name-clause search-clause self-referencing-column-specification single-group-specification specific-identifier specific-method-specification-designator static-method-invocation table-function-column-list-element table-or-query-name transform-group transform-group-element transition-table-or-variable update-statement-positioned update-statement-searched update-target view-column-option window-definition window-name-or-specification with-list-element

actual_identifier

actual_identifier          ::= regular_identifier            | delimited_identifier            | Unicode_delimited_identifier            | non_reserved_word

Referenced by: identifier identifier-suffix-chain lambda-params table-attributes

table_name

table_name          ::= identifier_chain

Referenced by: alter-table-statement drop-table-statement drop-view-statement insertion-target like-clause object-name referenced-table-and-columns scope-clause subview-clause supertable-name table-definition table-or-query-name target-table temporary-table-declaration trigger-definition view-definition

schema_name

schema_name          ::= identifier_chain

Referenced by: character-set-name drop-schema-statement local-or-schema-qualifier module-authorization-clause routine-name schema-name-clause schema-name-list specific-identifier

catalog_name

catalog_name          ::= identifier

Not referenced by any.

schema_qualified_name

schema_qualified_name          ::= identifier_chain

Referenced by: sql-invoked-procedure alter-domain-statement alter-sequence-generator-statement alter-table-constraint-definition assertion-definition cast-target character-transliteration collate-clause collation-definition constraint-name-definition constraint-name-list data-type-or-schema-qualified-name domain-definition drop-assertion-statement drop-collation-statement drop-domain-constraint-definition drop-domain-statement drop-sequence-generator-statement drop-table-constraint-definition drop-transliteration-statement drop-trigger-statement function-specification member-name-alternatives module-collation-specification next-value-expression object-name routine-characteristic sequence-generator-definition specific-routine-designator state-category transcoding transliteration-definition transliteration-source trigger-definition

local_or_schema_qualified_name

local_or_schema_qualified_name          ::= identifier_chain

Not referenced by any.

local_or_schema_qualifier

local_or_schema_qualifier          ::= 'MODULE'            | schema_name

Not referenced by any.

cursor_name

cursor_name          ::= identifier_chain

Referenced by: close-statement declare-cursor delete-statement-positioned dynamic-cursor-name dynamic-declare-cursor fetch-statement open-statement preparable-dynamic-cursor-name update-statement-positioned

host_parameter_name

host_parameter_name          ::= ':' identifier

Referenced by: general-value-specification host-parameter-declaration simple-value-specification

external_routine_name

external_routine_name          ::= identifier            | character_string_literal

Referenced by: alter-routine-characteristic external-body-reference

character_set_name

character_set_name          ::= ( schema_name '.' )? SQL_language_identifier

Referenced by: character-set-definition drop-character-set-statement implementation-defined-character-set-name object-name standard-character-set-name user-defined-character-set-name

schema_resolved_user_defined_type_name

schema_resolved_user_defined_type_name          ::= user_defined_type_name

Referenced by: alter-transform-statement alter-type-statement drop-data-type-statement drop-transform-statement drop-user-defined-ordering-statement method-specification-designator object-name specific-routine-designator transform-definition user-defined-ordering-definition user-defined-type-body

user_defined_type_name

user_defined_type_name          ::= identifier_chain

Referenced by: path-resolved-user-defined-type-name schema-resolved-user-defined-type-name

SQL_identifier

SQL_identifier          ::= identifier            | extended_identifier

Referenced by: deallocate-prepared-statement describe-input-statement described-object execute-statement prepare-statement

extended_identifier

extended_identifier          ::= scope_option? simple_value_specification

Referenced by: sql-identifier statement-cursor

dynamic_cursor_name

dynamic_cursor_name          ::= cursor_name            | extended_cursor_name

Referenced by: dynamic-close-statement dynamic-delete-statement-positioned dynamic-fetch-statement dynamic-open-statement dynamic-update-statement-positioned

extended_cursor_name

extended_cursor_name          ::= scope_option? simple_value_specification

Referenced by: allocate-cursor-statement described-object dynamic-cursor-name

descriptor_name

descriptor_name          ::= identifier            | extended_descriptor_name

Referenced by: allocate-descriptor-statement deallocate-descriptor-statement get-descriptor-statement into-descriptor set-descriptor-statement using-descriptor

extended_descriptor_name

extended_descriptor_name          ::= scope_option? simple_value_specification

Referenced by: descriptor-name

scope_option

scope_option          ::= 'GLOBAL'            | 'LOCAL'

Referenced by: extended-cursor-name extended-descriptor-name extended-identifier preparable-dynamic-cursor-name

data_type

data_type          ::= ( predefined_type | row_type | reference_type | presto_generic_type | path_resolved_user_defined_type_name ) collection_type?

Referenced by: alter-column-data-type-clause attribute-definition cast-target data-type-list data-type-or-schema-qualified-name field-definition host-parameter-data-type parameter-type presto-array-type presto-generic-type presto-map-type representation result-cast-from-type returns-data-type sequence-generator-data-type-option source-data-type table-function-column-list-element target-data-type

predefined_type

predefined_type          ::= ( character_string_type ( 'CHARACTER' 'SET' character_set_specification )? | national_character_string_type ) collate_clause?            | binary_string_type            | numeric_type            | 'BOOLEAN'            | datetime_type            | interval_type

Referenced by: data-type domain-definition representation user-defined-representation

character_string_type

character_string_type          ::= ( 'CHARACTER' | 'CHAR' ) ( 'VARYING'? '(' character_length ')' )?            | 'VARCHAR' ( '(' character_length ')' )?            | character_large_object_type

Referenced by: predefined-type

character_large_object_type

character_large_object_type          ::= ( ( 'CHARACTER' | 'CHAR' ) 'LARGE' 'OBJECT' | 'CLOB' ) ( '(' character_large_object_length ')' )?

Referenced by: character-string-type

national_character_string_type

national_character_string_type          ::= ( 'NATIONAL' ( 'CHARACTER' | 'CHAR' ) | 'NCHAR' ) ( 'VARYING'? '(' character_length ')' )?            | national_character_large_object_type

Referenced by: predefined-type

national_character_large_object_type

national_character_large_object_type          ::= ( ( 'NATIONAL' 'CHARACTER' | 'NCHAR' ) 'LARGE' 'OBJECT' | 'NCLOB' ) ( '(' character_large_object_length ')' )?

Referenced by: national-character-string-type

binary_string_type

binary_string_type          ::= 'BINARY' ( 'VARYING'? '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?            | 'VARBINARY' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?            | binary_large_object_string_type

Referenced by: predefined-type

binary_large_object_string_type

binary_large_object_string_type          ::= ( 'BINARY' 'LARGE' 'OBJECT' | 'BLOB' ) ( '(' large_object_length ')' )?

Referenced by: binary-string-type

numeric_type

numeric_type          ::= exact_numeric_type            | approximate_numeric_type

Referenced by: predefined-type

exact_numeric_type

exact_numeric_type          ::= ( 'NUMERIC' | 'DECIMAL' | 'DEC' ) ( '(' unsigned_integer ( ',' unsigned_integer )? ')' )?            | 'SMALLINT'            | 'INTEGER'            | 'INT'            | 'BIGINT'

Referenced by: numeric-type

approximate_numeric_type

approximate_numeric_type          ::= 'FLOAT' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?            | 'REAL'            | 'DOUBLE' 'PRECISION'?

Referenced by: numeric-type

character_length

character_length          ::= unsigned_integer char_length_units?

Referenced by: character-string-type national-character-string-type normalize-function-result-length

large_object_length

large_object_length          ::= unsigned_integer multiplier?            | large_object_length_token

Referenced by: binary-large-object-string-type character-large-object-length

character_large_object_length

character_large_object_length          ::= large_object_length char_length_units?

Referenced by: character-large-object-type national-character-large-object-type normalize-function-result-length

char_length_units

char_length_units          ::= 'CHARACTERS'            | 'OCTETS'

Referenced by: char-length-expression character-large-object-length character-length character-overlay-function character-position-expression character-substring-function regex-occurrences-function regex-position-expression regex-substring-function regex-transliteration

datetime_type

datetime_type          ::= 'DATE'            | ( 'TIME' | 'TIMESTAMP' ) ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )? with_or_without_time_zone?

Referenced by: predefined-type

with_or_without_time_zone

with_or_without_time_zone          ::= ( 'WITH' | 'WITHOUT' ) 'TIME' 'ZONE'

Referenced by: datetime-type

interval_type

interval_type          ::= 'INTERVAL' interval_qualifier

Referenced by: predefined-type

row_type

row_type ::= 'ROW' row_type_body

Referenced by: data-type

row_type_body

row_type_body          ::= '(' field_definition ( ',' field_definition )* ')'

Referenced by: row-type

reference_type

reference_type          ::= 'REF' '(' referenced_type ')' scope_clause?

Referenced by: data-type target-subtype

scope_clause

scope_clause          ::= 'SCOPE' table_name

Referenced by: add-column-scope-clause column-option-list reference-type view-column-option

referenced_type

referenced_type          ::= path_resolved_user_defined_type_name

Referenced by: reference-type

path_resolved_user_defined_type_name

path_resolved_user_defined_type_name          ::= user_defined_type_name

Referenced by: data-type exclusive-user-defined-type-specification general-value-specification generalized-expression group-specification inclusive-user-defined-type-specification new-specification referenceable-view-specification referenced-type supertype-name target-subtype transform-group-characteristic typed-table-clause

collection_type

collection_type          ::= array_type            | 'MULTISET'

Referenced by: data-type

array_type

array_type          ::= 'ARRAY' ( left_bracket_or_trigraph unsigned_integer right_bracket_or_trigraph )?

Referenced by: collection-type

field_definition

field_definition          ::= identifier data_type

Referenced by: row-type-body

value_expression_primary

value_expression_primary          ::= parenthesized_value_expression            | nonparenthesized_value_expression_primary

Referenced by: all-fields-reference multiset-primary reference-value-expression user-defined-type-value-expression

parenthesized_value_expression

parenthesized_value_expression          ::= '(' value_expression ( ',' value_expression )* ')' primary_suffix*

Referenced by: value-expression-primary

nonparenthesized_value_expression_primary

nonparenthesized_value_expression_primary          ::= contextually_typed_value_specification            | ( set_function_specification | subquery | case_expression | cast_specification | subtype_treatment | new_specification | reference_resolution | collection_value_constructor | multiset_element_reference | next_value_expression | window_function_type | '(' column_name_list ')' | unsigned_value_specification | column_reference ) primary_suffix*

Referenced by: row-value-special-case value-expression-primary

primary_suffix

primary_suffix          ::= field_reference            | attribute_or_method_reference            | method_invocation            | window_function            | array_element_reference            | static_method_invocation

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary parenthesized-value-expression

collection_value_constructor

collection_value_constructor          ::= array_value_constructor            | multiset_value_constructor

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

value_specification

value_specification          ::= literal            | general_value_specification

Referenced by: sql-path-characteristic catalog-name-characteristic character-set-name-characteristic collation-specification role-specification schema-name-characteristic set-session-user-identifier-statement transform-group-characteristic

unsigned_value_specification

unsigned_value_specification          ::= unsigned_literal            | general_value_specification

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

general_value_specification

general_value_specification          ::= identifier_chain            | 'CURRENT_USER'            | 'USER'            | '?'            | host_parameter_name            | current_collation_specification            | 'SESSION_USER'            | 'SYSTEM_USER'            | 'CURRENT_CATALOG'            | 'CURRENT_PATH'            | 'CURRENT_ROLE'            | 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'            | 'VALUE'            | 'CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP'            | 'CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE' path_resolved_user_defined_type_name

Referenced by: unsigned-value-specification using-argument value-specification

simple_value_specification

simple_value_specification          ::= literal            | identifier_chain            | host_parameter_name

Referenced by: all-qualifier allocate-descriptor-statement attributes-specification condition-information connection-object connection-target diagnostics-size execute-immediate-statement extended-cursor-name extended-descriptor-name extended-identifier fetch-first-clause fetch-orientation get-descriptor-information nth-row prepare-statement result-offset-clause set-descriptor-information set-header-information set-item-information target-array-element-specification update-target

target_specification

target_specification          ::= ( identifier_chain | column_reference ) ( target_array_element_specification | '?' )?

Referenced by: sql-argument fetch-target-list into-argument named-argument-sql-argument select-target-list

simple_target_specification

simple_target_specification          ::= identifier_chain            | column_reference

Referenced by: all-info-target condition-information-item simple-target-specification-1 simple-target-specification-2 statement-information-item

target_array_element_specification

target_array_element_specification          ::= left_bracket_or_trigraph simple_value_specification right_bracket_or_trigraph

Referenced by: target-specification

current_collation_specification

current_collation_specification          ::= 'COLLATION' 'FOR' '(' string_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: general-value-specification

contextually_typed_value_specification

contextually_typed_value_specification          ::= implicitly_typed_value_specification            | 'DEFAULT'

Referenced by: sql-argument contextually-typed-row-value-constructor contextually-typed-row-value-constructor-element merge-insert-value-element named-argument-sql-argument nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary parameter-default update-source

implicitly_typed_value_specification

implicitly_typed_value_specification          ::= 'NULL'            | empty_specification

Referenced by: cast-operand contextually-typed-value-specification default-option

empty_specification

empty_specification          ::= ( 'ARRAY' | 'MULTISET' ) left_bracket_or_trigraph right_bracket_or_trigraph

Referenced by: implicitly-typed-value-specification

identifier_chain

identifier_chain          ::= identifier ( '.' identifier )*

Referenced by: column-reference cursor-name general-value-specification local-or-schema-qualified-name schema-name schema-qualified-name simple-target-specification simple-value-specification table-name target-specification use-statement user-defined-type-name

column_reference

column_reference          ::= identifier_chain            | 'MODULE' '.' identifier '.' identifier

Referenced by: grouping-column-reference grouping-operation nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary partitioned-join-column-reference simple-target-specification target-specification window-partition-column-reference

set_function_specification

set_function_specification          ::= aggregate_function            | grouping_operation

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

grouping_operation

grouping_operation          ::= 'GROUPING' '(' column_reference ( ',' column_reference )* ')'

Referenced by: set-function-specification

window_function

window_function          ::= 'OVER' window_name_or_specification

Referenced by: primary-suffix

window_function_type

window_function_type          ::= ( rank_function_type | 'ROW_NUMBER' ) '(' ')'            | aggregate_function            | ntile_function            | lead_or_lag_function            | first_or_last_value_function            | nth_value_function

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

rank_function_type

rank_function_type          ::= 'RANK'            | 'DENSE_RANK'            | 'PERCENT_RANK'            | 'CUME_DIST'

Referenced by: hypothetical-set-function window-function-type

ntile_function

ntile_function          ::= 'NTILE' '(' number_of_tiles ')'

Referenced by: window-function-type

number_of_tiles

number_of_tiles          ::= value_expression            | '?'

Referenced by: ntile-function

lead_or_lag_function

lead_or_lag_function          ::= lead_or_lag '(' value_expression ( ',' value_expression ( ',' value_expression )? )? ')' null_treatment?

Referenced by: window-function-type

lead_or_lag

lead_or_lag          ::= 'LEAD'            | 'LAG'

Referenced by: lead-or-lag-function

null_treatment

null_treatment          ::= ( 'RESPECT' | 'IGNORE' ) 'NULLS'

Referenced by: first-or-last-value-function lead-or-lag-function nth-value-function

first_or_last_value_function

first_or_last_value_function          ::= first_or_last_value '(' value_expression ')' null_treatment?

Referenced by: window-function-type

first_or_last_value

first_or_last_value          ::= 'FIRST_VALUE'            | 'LAST_VALUE'

Referenced by: first-or-last-value-function

nth_value_function

nth_value_function          ::= 'NTH_VALUE' '(' value_expression ',' nth_row ')' from_first_or_last? null_treatment?

Referenced by: window-function-type

nth_row

nth_row  ::= simple_value_specification            | '?'

Referenced by: nth-value-function

from_first_or_last

from_first_or_last          ::= 'FROM' ( 'FIRST' | 'LAST' )

Referenced by: nth-value-function

window_name_or_specification

window_name_or_specification          ::= in_line_window_specification            | identifier

Referenced by: window-function

in_line_window_specification

in_line_window_specification          ::= window_specification

Referenced by: window-name-or-specification

case_expression

case_expression          ::= case_abbreviation            | case_specification

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

case_abbreviation

case_abbreviation          ::= ( 'NULLIF' '(' value_expression ',' | 'COALESCE' '(' ( value_expression ',' )+ ) value_expression ')'

Referenced by: case-expression

case_specification

case_specification          ::= simple_case            | searched_case

Referenced by: case-expression

simple_case

simple_case          ::= 'CASE' case_operand simple_when_clause+ else_clause? 'END'

Referenced by: case-specification

searched_case

searched_case          ::= 'CASE' searched_when_clause+ else_clause? 'END'

Referenced by: case-specification

simple_when_clause

simple_when_clause          ::= 'WHEN' when_operand_list 'THEN' result

Referenced by: simple-case

searched_when_clause

searched_when_clause          ::= 'WHEN' search_condition 'THEN' result

Referenced by: searched-case

else_clause

else_clause          ::= 'ELSE' result

Referenced by: searched-case simple-case

case_operand

case_operand          ::= row_value_predicand            | overlaps_predicate_part_1

Referenced by: simple-case

when_operand_list

when_operand_list          ::= when_operand ( ',' when_operand )*

Referenced by: simple-when-clause

when_operand

when_operand          ::= row_value_predicand            | comparison_predicate_part_2            | between_predicate_part_2            | in_predicate_part_2            | character_like_predicate_part_2            | octet_like_predicate_part_2            | similar_predicate_part_2            | regex_like_predicate_part_2            | null_predicate_part_2            | quantified_comparison_predicate_part_2            | normalized_predicate_part_2            | match_predicate_part_2            | overlaps_predicate_part_2            | distinct_predicate_part_2            | member_predicate_part_2            | submultiset_predicate_part_2            | set_predicate_part_2            | type_predicate_part_2

Referenced by: when-operand-list

result

result   ::= value_expression            | 'NULL'

Referenced by: else-clause searched-when-clause simple-when-clause

cast_specification

cast_specification          ::= 'CAST' '(' cast_operand 'AS' cast_target ')'            | try_cast

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

cast_operand

cast_operand          ::= value_expression            | implicitly_typed_value_specification

Referenced by: cast-specification try-cast

cast_target

cast_target          ::= data_type            | schema_qualified_name

Referenced by: cast-specification try-cast

next_value_expression

next_value_expression          ::= 'NEXT' 'VALUE' 'FOR' schema_qualified_name

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

field_reference

field_reference          ::= '.' identifier

Referenced by: primary-suffix

subtype_treatment

subtype_treatment          ::= 'TREAT' '(' value_expression 'AS' target_subtype ')'

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

target_subtype

target_subtype          ::= path_resolved_user_defined_type_name            | reference_type

Referenced by: subtype-treatment

method_invocation

method_invocation          ::= direct_invocation udaf_filter?            | generalized_invocation

Referenced by: new-invocation primary-suffix

direct_invocation

direct_invocation          ::= SQL_argument_list

Referenced by: method-invocation

generalized_invocation

generalized_invocation          ::= '.' identifier SQL_argument_list?

Referenced by: method-invocation

static_method_invocation

static_method_invocation          ::= '::' identifier SQL_argument_list?

Referenced by: primary-suffix

new_specification

new_specification          ::= 'NEW' path_resolved_user_defined_type_name SQL_argument_list

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

new_invocation

new_invocation          ::= method_invocation            | routine_invocation

Not referenced by any.

attribute_or_method_reference

attribute_or_method_reference          ::= lambda_body

Referenced by: primary-suffix

dereference_operation

dereference_operation          ::= reference_value_expression '->' identifier

Not referenced by any.

reference_resolution

reference_resolution          ::= 'DEREF' '(' reference_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

array_element_reference

array_element_reference          ::= left_bracket_or_trigraph value_expression right_bracket_or_trigraph

Referenced by: primary-suffix

multiset_element_reference

multiset_element_reference          ::= 'ELEMENT' '(' multiset_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary

value_expression

value_expression          ::= boolean_value_expression            | common_value_expression            | row_value_expression

Referenced by: sql-argument array-aggregate-function array-element array-element-reference case-abbreviation cast-operand count cycle-clause derived-column extra-args-to-agg first-or-last-value-function general-set-function generation-expression grouping-expression hypothetical-set-function-value-expression-list lambda-body lead-or-lag-function merge-insert-value-element multiset-element named-argument-sql-argument nth-value-function number-of-tiles parameter-default parenthesized-value-expression presto-aggregations result return-value row-value-constructor-element sort-key subtype-treatment table-attributes update-source window-frame-following window-frame-preceding window-partition-column-reference

common_value_expression

common_value_expression          ::= numeric_value_expression            | string_value_expression            | datetime_value_expression            | interval_value_expression            | user_defined_type_value_expression            | reference_value_expression            | collection_value_expression

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-constructor row-value-constructor row-value-constructor-predicand row-value-special-case value-expression

user_defined_type_value_expression

user_defined_type_value_expression          ::= value_expression_primary

Referenced by: common-value-expression

reference_value_expression

reference_value_expression          ::= value_expression_primary

Referenced by: common-value-expression dereference-operation reference-resolution

collection_value_expression

collection_value_expression          ::= array_value_expression            | multiset_value_expression

Referenced by: cardinality-expression collection-derived-table common-value-expression table-function-derived-table

numeric_value_expression

numeric_value_expression          ::= term ( ( '+' | '-' ) term )*

Referenced by: absolute-value-expression binary-overlay-function binary-substring-function boolean-predicand ceiling-function character-overlay-function character-substring-function common-value-expression dependent-variable-expression exponential-function floor-function independent-variable-expression inverse-distribution-function-argument modulus-expression natural-logarithm power-function regex-occurrences-function regex-position-expression regex-substring-function regex-transliteration regex-transliteration-occurrence repeat-argument sample-percentage square-root trim-array-function width-bucket-function

term

term     ::= factor ( ( '*' | '/' | '%' ) factor )*

Referenced by: numeric-value-expression

factor

factor   ::= ( '+' | '-' )? numeric_primary

Referenced by: interval-term term

numeric_primary

numeric_primary          ::= numeric_value_function            | character_value_expression

Referenced by: factor

numeric_value_function

numeric_value_function          ::= position_expression            | regex_occurrences_function            | regex_position_expression            | extract_expression            | length_expression            | cardinality_expression            | max_cardinality_expression            | absolute_value_expression            | modulus_expression            | natural_logarithm            | exponential_function            | power_function            | square_root            | floor_function            | ceiling_function            | width_bucket_function

Referenced by: numeric-primary

position_expression

position_expression          ::= character_position_expression            | binary_position_expression

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

regex_occurrences_function

regex_occurrences_function          ::= 'OCCURRENCES_REGEX' '(' character_value_expression ( 'FLAG' character_value_expression )? 'IN' character_value_expression ( 'FROM' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

regex_position_expression

regex_position_expression          ::= 'POSITION_REGEX' '(' regex_position_start_or_after? character_value_expression ( 'FLAG' character_value_expression )? 'IN' character_value_expression ( 'FROM' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ( 'OCCURRENCE' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'GROUP' numeric_value_expression )? ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

regex_position_start_or_after

regex_position_start_or_after          ::= 'START'            | 'AFTER'

Referenced by: regex-position-expression

character_position_expression

character_position_expression          ::= 'POSITION' '(' character_value_expression 'IN' character_value_expression ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ')'

Referenced by: position-expression

binary_position_expression

binary_position_expression          ::= 'POSITION' '(' binary_value_expression 'IN' binary_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: position-expression

length_expression

length_expression          ::= char_length_expression            | octet_length_expression

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

char_length_expression

char_length_expression          ::= ( 'CHAR_LENGTH' | 'CHARACTER_LENGTH' ) '(' character_value_expression ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ')'

Referenced by: length-expression

octet_length_expression

octet_length_expression          ::= 'OCTET_LENGTH' '(' string_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: length-expression

extract_expression

extract_expression          ::= 'EXTRACT' '(' extract_field 'FROM' extract_source ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

extract_field

extract_field          ::= primary_datetime_field            | time_zone_field

Referenced by: extract-expression

time_zone_field

time_zone_field          ::= 'TIMEZONE_HOUR'            | 'TIMEZONE_MINUTE'

Referenced by: extract-field

extract_source

extract_source          ::= datetime_value_expression            | interval_value_expression

Referenced by: extract-expression

cardinality_expression

cardinality_expression          ::= 'CARDINALITY' '(' collection_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

max_cardinality_expression

max_cardinality_expression          ::= 'MAX_CARDINALITY' '(' array_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

absolute_value_expression

absolute_value_expression          ::= 'ABS' '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

modulus_expression

modulus_expression          ::= 'MOD' '(' numeric_value_expression ',' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

natural_logarithm

natural_logarithm          ::= 'LN' '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

exponential_function

exponential_function          ::= 'EXP' '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

power_function

power_function          ::= 'POWER' '(' numeric_value_expression ',' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

square_root

square_root          ::= 'SQRT' '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

floor_function

floor_function          ::= 'FLOOR' '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

ceiling_function

ceiling_function          ::= ( 'CEIL' | 'CEILING' ) '(' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

width_bucket_function

width_bucket_function          ::= 'WIDTH_BUCKET' '(' numeric_value_expression ',' numeric_value_expression ( ',' numeric_value_expression ',' numeric_value_expression )? ')'

Referenced by: numeric-value-function

string_value_expression

string_value_expression          ::= character_value_expression            | binary_value_expression

Referenced by: common-value-expression current-collation-specification octet-length-expression

character_value_expression

character_value_expression          ::= character_factor concatenation*

Referenced by: char-length-expression character-like-predicate-part-2 character-overlay-function character-position-expression character-substring-function character-transliteration fold normalize-function numeric-primary regex-like-predicate-part-2 regex-occurrences-function regex-position-expression regex-substring-function regex-transliteration regular-expression-substring-function similar-predicate-part-2 string-value-expression transcoding trim-operands

concatenation

concatenation          ::= '||' character_factor

Referenced by: character-value-expression

character_factor

character_factor          ::= character_primary collate_clause?

Referenced by: character-value-expression concatenation

character_primary

character_primary          ::= string_value_function            | binary_value_expression

Referenced by: character-factor

binary_value_expression

binary_value_expression          ::= binary_primary binary_concatenation*

Referenced by: binary-overlay-function binary-position-expression binary-substring-function binary-trim-operands character-primary octet-like-predicate-part-2 string-value-expression

binary_primary

binary_primary          ::= string_value_function            | datetime_value_expression

Referenced by: binary-concatenation binary-value-expression

binary_concatenation

binary_concatenation          ::= '||' binary_primary

Referenced by: binary-value-expression

string_value_function

string_value_function          ::= character_value_function            | binary_value_function

Referenced by: binary-primary character-primary

character_value_function

character_value_function          ::= character_substring_function            | regular_expression_substring_function            | regex_substring_function            | fold            | transcoding            | character_transliteration            | regex_transliteration            | trim_function            | character_overlay_function            | normalize_function            | specific_type_method

Referenced by: string-value-function

character_substring_function

character_substring_function          ::= 'SUBSTRING' '(' character_value_expression 'FROM' numeric_value_expression ( 'FOR' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

regular_expression_substring_function

regular_expression_substring_function          ::= 'SUBSTRING' '(' character_value_expression 'SIMILAR' character_value_expression 'ESCAPE' character_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

regex_substring_function

regex_substring_function          ::= 'SUBSTRING_REGEX' '(' character_value_expression ( 'FLAG' character_value_expression )? 'IN' character_value_expression ( 'FROM' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ( 'OCCURRENCE' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'GROUP' numeric_value_expression )? ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

fold

fold     ::= ( 'UPPER' | 'LOWER' ) '(' character_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

transcoding

transcoding          ::= 'CONVERT' '(' character_value_expression 'USING' schema_qualified_name ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

character_transliteration

character_transliteration          ::= 'TRANSLATE' '(' character_value_expression 'USING' schema_qualified_name ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

regex_transliteration

regex_transliteration          ::= 'TRANSLATE_REGEX' '(' character_value_expression ( 'FLAG' character_value_expression )? 'IN' character_value_expression ( 'WITH' character_value_expression )? ( 'FROM' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ( 'OCCURRENCE' regex_transliteration_occurrence )? ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

regex_transliteration_occurrence

regex_transliteration_occurrence          ::= 'ALL'            | numeric_value_expression

Referenced by: regex-transliteration

trim_function

trim_function          ::= 'TRIM' '(' trim_operands ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

trim_operands

trim_operands          ::= trim_specification? character_value_expression ( ( ',' | 'FROM' ) character_value_expression )?

Referenced by: trim-function

trim_specification

trim_specification          ::= 'LEADING'            | 'TRAILING'            | 'BOTH'

Referenced by: binary-trim-operands trim-operands

character_overlay_function

character_overlay_function          ::= 'OVERLAY' '(' character_value_expression 'PLACING' character_value_expression 'FROM' numeric_value_expression ( 'FOR' numeric_value_expression )? ( 'USING' char_length_units )? ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

normalize_function

normalize_function          ::= 'NORMALIZE' '(' character_value_expression ( ',' normal_form ( ',' normalize_function_result_length )? )? ')'

Referenced by: character-value-function

normal_form

normal_form          ::= 'NFC'            | 'NFD'            | 'NFKC'            | 'NFKD'

Referenced by: normalize-function normalized-predicate-part-2

normalize_function_result_length

normalize_function_result_length          ::= character_length            | character_large_object_length

Referenced by: normalize-function

specific_type_method

specific_type_method          ::= '.' 'SPECIFICTYPE' ( '(' ')' )?

Referenced by: character-value-function

binary_value_function

binary_value_function          ::= binary_substring_function            | binary_trim_function            | binary_overlay_function

Referenced by: string-value-function

binary_substring_function

binary_substring_function          ::= 'SUBSTRING' '(' binary_value_expression 'FROM' numeric_value_expression ( 'FOR' numeric_value_expression )? ')'

Referenced by: binary-value-function

binary_trim_function

binary_trim_function          ::= 'TRIM' '(' binary_trim_operands ')'

Referenced by: binary-value-function

binary_trim_operands

binary_trim_operands          ::= trim_specification? binary_value_expression ( ( ',' | 'FROM' ) binary_value_expression )?

Referenced by: binary-trim-function

binary_overlay_function

binary_overlay_function          ::= 'OVERLAY' '(' binary_value_expression 'PLACING' binary_value_expression 'FROM' numeric_value_expression ( 'FOR' numeric_value_expression )? ')'

Referenced by: binary-value-function

datetime_value_expression

datetime_value_expression          ::= datetime_term            | interval_value_expression

Referenced by: binary-primary common-value-expression extract-source interval-value-expression system-version-specification

datetime_term

datetime_term          ::= datetime_factor

Referenced by: datetime-value-expression interval-value-expression

datetime_factor

datetime_factor          ::= datetime_primary time_zone?

Referenced by: datetime-term

datetime_primary

datetime_primary          ::= datetime_value_function            | interval_value_expression

Referenced by: datetime-factor

time_zone

time_zone          ::= 'AT' time_zone_specifier

Referenced by: datetime-factor

time_zone_specifier

time_zone_specifier          ::= 'LOCAL'            | 'TIME' 'ZONE' interval_primary

Referenced by: time-zone

datetime_value_function

datetime_value_function          ::= 'CURRENT_DATE'            | current_time_value_function            | current_timestamp_value_function            | current_local_time_value_function            | current_local_timestamp_value_function

Referenced by: datetime-primary default-option

current_time_value_function

current_time_value_function          ::= 'CURRENT_TIME' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?

Referenced by: datetime-value-function

current_local_time_value_function

current_local_time_value_function          ::= 'LOCALTIME' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?

Referenced by: datetime-value-function

current_timestamp_value_function

current_timestamp_value_function          ::= 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?

Referenced by: datetime-value-function

current_local_timestamp_value_function

current_local_timestamp_value_function          ::= 'LOCALTIMESTAMP' ( '(' unsigned_integer ')' )?

Referenced by: datetime-value-function

interval_value_expression

interval_value_expression          ::= interval_term            | '(' datetime_value_expression '-' datetime_term ')' interval_qualifier

Referenced by: common-value-expression datetime-primary datetime-value-expression extract-source interval-absolute-value-function set-time-zone-value

interval_term

interval_term          ::= interval_factor ( ( '*' | '/' ) factor )?

Referenced by: interval-value-expression

interval_factor

interval_factor          ::= ( '+' | '-' )? interval_primary

Referenced by: interval-term

interval_primary

interval_primary          ::= interval_value_function            | array_value_expression interval_qualifier?

Referenced by: interval-factor time-zone-specifier

interval_value_function

interval_value_function          ::= interval_absolute_value_function

Referenced by: interval-primary

interval_absolute_value_function

interval_absolute_value_function          ::= 'ABS' '(' interval_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: interval-value-function

boolean_value_expression

boolean_value_expression          ::= boolean_term ( 'OR' boolean_term )*

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-constructor parenthesized-boolean-value-expression row-value-constructor search-condition value-expression

boolean_term

boolean_term          ::= boolean_factor ( 'AND' boolean_factor )*

Referenced by: boolean-value-expression

boolean_factor

boolean_factor          ::= 'NOT'? boolean_test

Referenced by: boolean-term

boolean_test

boolean_test          ::= boolean_primary ( 'IS' 'NOT'? truth_value )?

Referenced by: boolean-factor

truth_value

truth_value          ::= 'TRUE'            | 'FALSE'            | 'UNKNOWN'

Referenced by: boolean-test

boolean_primary

boolean_primary          ::= predicate            | boolean_predicand

Referenced by: boolean-test

boolean_predicand

boolean_predicand          ::= parenthesized_boolean_value_expression            | numeric_value_expression

Referenced by: boolean-primary

parenthesized_boolean_value_expression

parenthesized_boolean_value_expression          ::= '(' boolean_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: boolean-predicand

array_value_expression

array_value_expression          ::= array_primary ( '||' array_primary )*

Referenced by: array-value-expression-1 collection-value-expression interval-primary max-cardinality-expression trim-array-function

array_value_expression_1

array_value_expression_1          ::= array_value_expression

Not referenced by any.

array_primary

array_primary          ::= array_value_function            | multiset_value_expression

Referenced by: array-value-expression

array_value_function

array_value_function          ::= trim_array_function

Referenced by: array-primary

trim_array_function

trim_array_function          ::= 'TRIM_ARRAY' '(' array_value_expression ',' numeric_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: array-value-function

array_value_constructor

array_value_constructor          ::= array_value_constructor_by_enumeration            | array_value_constructor_by_query

Referenced by: collection-value-constructor

array_value_constructor_by_enumeration

array_value_constructor_by_enumeration          ::= 'ARRAY' left_bracket_or_trigraph array_element_list? right_bracket_or_trigraph

Referenced by: array-value-constructor

array_element_list

array_element_list          ::= array_element ( ',' array_element )*

Referenced by: array-value-constructor-by-enumeration

array_element

array_element          ::= value_expression

Referenced by: array-element-list

array_value_constructor_by_query

array_value_constructor_by_query          ::= 'ARRAY' subquery

Referenced by: array-value-constructor

multiset_value_expression

multiset_value_expression          ::= multiset_term ( 'MULTISET' ( 'UNION' | 'EXCEPT' ) ( 'ALL' | 'DISTINCT' )? multiset_term )?

Referenced by: array-primary collection-value-expression member-predicate-part-2 multiset-element-reference multiset-set-function submultiset-predicate-part-2

multiset_term

multiset_term          ::= multiset_primary ( 'MULTISET' 'INTERSECT' ( 'ALL' | 'DISTINCT' )? multiset_primary )?

Referenced by: multiset-value-expression

multiset_primary

multiset_primary          ::= multiset_set_function            | value_expression_primary

Referenced by: multiset-term

multiset_set_function

multiset_set_function          ::= 'SET' '(' multiset_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: multiset-primary

multiset_value_constructor

multiset_value_constructor          ::= multiset_value_constructor_by_enumeration            | multiset_value_constructor_by_query            | table_value_constructor_by_query

Referenced by: collection-value-constructor

multiset_value_constructor_by_enumeration

multiset_value_constructor_by_enumeration          ::= 'MULTISET' left_bracket_or_trigraph multiset_element_list right_bracket_or_trigraph

Referenced by: multiset-value-constructor

multiset_element_list

multiset_element_list          ::= multiset_element ( ',' multiset_element )*

Referenced by: multiset-value-constructor-by-enumeration

multiset_element

multiset_element          ::= value_expression

Referenced by: multiset-element-list

multiset_value_constructor_by_query

multiset_value_constructor_by_query          ::= 'MULTISET' subquery

Referenced by: multiset-value-constructor

table_value_constructor_by_query

table_value_constructor_by_query          ::= 'TABLE' subquery

Referenced by: multiset-value-constructor

row_value_constructor

row_value_constructor          ::= explicit_row_value_constructor            | common_value_expression            | boolean_value_expression

Referenced by: table-row-value-expression

explicit_row_value_constructor

explicit_row_value_constructor          ::= ( 'ROW' '(' row_value_constructor_element_list | '(' row_value_constructor_element ( ',' row_value_constructor_element_list )? ) ')'            | subquery

Referenced by: row-value-constructor row-value-constructor-predicand row-value-expression

row_value_constructor_element_list

row_value_constructor_element_list          ::= row_value_constructor_element ( ',' row_value_constructor_element )*

Referenced by: explicit-row-value-constructor

row_value_constructor_element

row_value_constructor_element          ::= value_expression

Referenced by: explicit-row-value-constructor row-value-constructor-element-list

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor          ::= common_value_expression            | boolean_value_expression            | contextually_typed_value_specification            | ( '(' ( contextually_typed_value_specification | contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element ',' contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element_list ) | 'ROW' '(' contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element_list ) ')'

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-expression

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element_list

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element_list          ::= contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element ( ',' contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element )*

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-constructor

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element

contextually_typed_row_value_constructor_element          ::= contextually_typed_value_specification

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-constructor contextually-typed-row-value-constructor-element-list

row_value_constructor_predicand

row_value_constructor_predicand          ::= common_value_expression            | explicit_row_value_constructor

Referenced by: row-value-predicand

row_value_expression

row_value_expression          ::= explicit_row_value_constructor            | row_value_special_case

Referenced by: in-value-list value-expression

table_row_value_expression

table_row_value_expression          ::= row_value_constructor            | row_value_special_case

Referenced by: row-value-expression-list

contextually_typed_row_value_expression

contextually_typed_row_value_expression          ::= contextually_typed_row_value_constructor            | row_value_special_case

Referenced by: assigned-row contextually-typed-row-value-expression-list

row_value_predicand

row_value_predicand          ::= row_value_constructor_predicand            | row_value_special_case

Referenced by: between-predicate-part-2 case-operand comparison-predicate-part-2 predicate row-value-predicand-1 row-value-predicand-2 row-value-predicand-3 row-value-predicand-4 when-operand

row_value_special_case

row_value_special_case          ::= common_value_expression            | nonparenthesized_value_expression_primary

Referenced by: contextually-typed-row-value-expression row-value-expression row-value-predicand table-row-value-expression

table_value_constructor

table_value_constructor          ::= 'VALUES' row_value_expression_list

Referenced by: simple-table

row_value_expression_list

row_value_expression_list          ::= table_row_value_expression ( ',' table_row_value_expression )*

Referenced by: table-value-constructor

contextually_typed_table_value_constructor

contextually_typed_table_value_constructor          ::= 'VALUES' contextually_typed_row_value_expression_list

Referenced by: from-constructor

contextually_typed_row_value_expression_list

contextually_typed_row_value_expression_list          ::= contextually_typed_row_value_expression ( ',' contextually_typed_row_value_expression )*

Referenced by: contextually-typed-table-value-constructor

table_expression

table_expression          ::= from_clause where_clause? group_by_clause? having_clause? window_clause?

Referenced by: query-specification select-statement-single-row

from_clause

from_clause          ::= 'FROM' table_reference_list

Referenced by: table-expression

table_reference_list

table_reference_list          ::= table_reference ( ',' table_reference )*

Referenced by: from-clause

table_reference

table_reference          ::= table_factor joined_table*

Referenced by: merge-statement parenthesized-joined-table qualified-join table-reference-list

table_factor

table_factor          ::= table_primary sample_clause? partitioned_join_table?

Referenced by: cross-join natural-join table-reference

sample_clause

sample_clause          ::= 'TABLESAMPLE' sample_method '(' sample_percentage ')' repeatable_clause?

Referenced by: table-factor

sample_method

sample_method          ::= 'BERNOULLI'            | 'SYSTEM'

Referenced by: sample-clause

repeatable_clause

repeatable_clause          ::= 'REPEATABLE' '(' repeat_argument ')'

Referenced by: sample-clause

sample_percentage

sample_percentage          ::= numeric_value_expression

Referenced by: sample-clause

repeat_argument

repeat_argument          ::= numeric_value_expression

Referenced by: repeatable-clause

table_primary

table_primary          ::= ( table_or_query_name | derived_table | parenthesized_joined_table | lateral_derived_table | collection_derived_table | table_function_derived_table | only_spec | data_change_delta_table ) alias?

Referenced by: parenthesized-joined-table table-factor

alias

alias    ::= 'AS'? identifier identifier_suffix_chain? ( '(' column_name_list ')' )?

Referenced by: table-primary

system_version_specification

system_version_specification          ::= ( 'AS' 'OF' 'SYSTEM' 'TIME' | 'VERSIONS' ( ( 'BEFORE' | 'AFTER' ) 'SYSTEM' 'TIME' | 'BETWEEN' ( 'ASYMMETRIC' | 'SYMMETRIC' )? 'SYSTEM' 'TIME' datetime_value_expression 'AND' ) ) datetime_value_expression

Not referenced by any.

only_spec

only_spec          ::= 'ONLY' '(' table_or_query_name ')'

Referenced by: table-primary

lateral_derived_table

lateral_derived_table          ::= 'LATERAL' subquery

Referenced by: table-primary

collection_derived_table

collection_derived_table          ::= 'UNNEST' '(' collection_value_expression ( ',' collection_value_expression )* ')' ( 'WITH' 'ORDINALITY' )?

Referenced by: table-primary

table_function_derived_table

table_function_derived_table          ::= 'TABLE' '(' collection_value_expression ')'

Referenced by: table-primary

derived_table

derived_table          ::= query_expression            | subquery

Referenced by: table-primary

table_or_query_name

table_or_query_name          ::= table_name            | identifier

Referenced by: explicit-table only-spec table-primary

column_name_list

column_name_list          ::= identifier ( ',' identifier )*

Referenced by: alias all-fields-column-name-list as-subquery-clause corresponding-spec insert-column-list join-column-list nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary privilege-column-list recursive-search-order reference-column-list trigger-column-list unique-column-list updatability-clause view-column-list with-list-element

data_change_delta_table

data_change_delta_table          ::= result_option 'TABLE' '(' data_change_statement ')'

Referenced by: table-primary

data_change_statement

data_change_statement          ::= delete_statement_searched            | insert_statement            | merge_statement            | update_statement_searched

Referenced by: data-change-delta-table

result_option

result_option          ::= 'FINAL'            | 'NEW'            | 'OLD'

Referenced by: data-change-delta-table

parenthesized_joined_table

parenthesized_joined_table          ::= '(' ( table_primary | table_reference ) joined_table* ')'

Referenced by: table-primary

joined_table

joined_table          ::= cross_join            | qualified_join            | natural_join

Referenced by: parenthesized-joined-table table-reference

cross_join

cross_join          ::= 'CROSS' 'JOIN' table_factor

Referenced by: joined-table

qualified_join

qualified_join          ::= join_type? 'JOIN' ( table_reference | partitioned_join_table ) join_specification

Referenced by: joined-table

partitioned_join_table

partitioned_join_table          ::= 'PARTITION' 'BY' partitioned_join_column_reference_list

Referenced by: natural-join qualified-join table-factor

partitioned_join_column_reference_list

partitioned_join_column_reference_list          ::= '(' partitioned_join_column_reference ( ',' partitioned_join_column_reference )* ')'

Referenced by: partitioned-join-table

partitioned_join_column_reference

partitioned_join_column_reference          ::= column_reference

Referenced by: partitioned-join-column-reference-list

natural_join

natural_join          ::= 'NATURAL' join_type? 'JOIN' ( table_factor | partitioned_join_table )

Referenced by: joined-table

join_specification

join_specification          ::= join_condition            | named_columns_join

Referenced by: qualified-join

join_condition

join_condition          ::= 'ON' search_condition

Referenced by: join-specification

named_columns_join

named_columns_join          ::= 'USING' '(' join_column_list ')'

Referenced by: join-specification

join_type

join_type          ::= 'INNER'            | outer_join_type 'OUTER'?

Referenced by: natural-join qualified-join

outer_join_type

outer_join_type          ::= 'LEFT'            | 'RIGHT'            | 'FULL'

Referenced by: join-type

join_column_list

join_column_list          ::= column_name_list

Referenced by: named-columns-join

where_clause

where_clause          ::= 'WHERE' search_condition

Referenced by: table-expression

group_by_clause

group_by_clause          ::= 'GROUP' 'BY' set_quantifier? grouping_element_list

Referenced by: table-expression

grouping_element_list

grouping_element_list          ::= grouping_element ( ',' grouping_element )*

Referenced by: group-by-clause

grouping_element

grouping_element          ::= rollup_list            | cube_list            | grouping_sets_specification            | empty_grouping_set            | ordinary_grouping_set

Referenced by: grouping-element-list

ordinary_grouping_set

ordinary_grouping_set          ::= grouping_column_reference            | '(' grouping_column_reference_list ')'

Referenced by: grouping-element grouping-set ordinary-grouping-set-list

grouping_column_reference

grouping_column_reference          ::= ( grouping_expression | column_reference ) collate_clause?

Referenced by: grouping-column-reference-list ordinary-grouping-set

grouping_column_reference_list

grouping_column_reference_list          ::= grouping_column_reference ( ',' grouping_column_reference )*

Referenced by: ordinary-grouping-set

rollup_list

rollup_list          ::= 'ROLLUP' '(' ordinary_grouping_set_list ')'

Referenced by: grouping-element grouping-set

ordinary_grouping_set_list

ordinary_grouping_set_list          ::= ordinary_grouping_set ( ',' ordinary_grouping_set )*

Referenced by: cube-list rollup-list

cube_list

cube_list          ::= 'CUBE' '(' ordinary_grouping_set_list ')'

Referenced by: grouping-element grouping-set

grouping_sets_specification

grouping_sets_specification          ::= 'GROUPING' 'SETS' '(' grouping_set_list ')'

Referenced by: grouping-element grouping-set

grouping_set_list

grouping_set_list          ::= grouping_set ( ',' grouping_set )*

Referenced by: grouping-sets-specification

grouping_set

grouping_set          ::= rollup_list            | cube_list            | grouping_sets_specification            | empty_grouping_set            | ordinary_grouping_set

Referenced by: grouping-set-list

empty_grouping_set

empty_grouping_set          ::= '(' ')'

Referenced by: grouping-element grouping-set

having_clause

having_clause          ::= 'HAVING' search_condition

Referenced by: table-expression

window_clause

window_clause          ::= 'WINDOW' window_definition_list

Referenced by: table-expression

window_definition_list

window_definition_list          ::= window_definition ( ',' window_definition )*

Referenced by: window-clause

window_definition

window_definition          ::= identifier 'AS' window_specification

Referenced by: window-definition-list

window_specification

window_specification          ::= '(' window_specification_details? ')'

Referenced by: in-line-window-specification window-definition

window_specification_details

window_specification_details          ::= ( window_partition_clause | window_order_clause | window_frame_clause | existing_identifier )+

Referenced by: window-specification

existing_identifier

existing_identifier          ::= identifier

Referenced by: window-specification-details

window_partition_clause

window_partition_clause          ::= 'PARTITION' 'BY' window_partition_column_reference_list

Referenced by: window-specification-details

window_partition_column_reference_list

window_partition_column_reference_list          ::= window_partition_column_reference ( ',' window_partition_column_reference )*

Referenced by: window-partition-clause

window_partition_column_reference

window_partition_column_reference          ::= ( value_expression | column_reference ) collate_clause?

Referenced by: window-partition-column-reference-list

window_order_clause

window_order_clause          ::= 'ORDER' 'BY' sort_specification_list

Referenced by: window-specification-details

window_frame_clause

window_frame_clause          ::= window_frame_units window_frame_extent window_frame_exclusion?

Referenced by: window-specification-details

window_frame_units

window_frame_units          ::= 'ROWS'            | 'RANGE'

Referenced by: window-frame-clause

window_frame_extent

window_frame_extent          ::= window_frame_start            | window_frame_between

Referenced by: window-frame-clause

window_frame_start

window_frame_start          ::= 'UNBOUNDED' 'PRECEDING'            | 'CURRENT' 'ROW'            | window_frame_preceding

Referenced by: window-frame-bound window-frame-extent

window_frame_preceding

window_frame_preceding          ::= value_expression 'PRECEDING'

Referenced by: window-frame-start

window_frame_between

window_frame_between          ::= 'BETWEEN' window_frame_bound 'AND' window_frame_bound

Referenced by: window-frame-extent

window_frame_bound

window_frame_bound          ::= window_frame_start            | 'UNBOUNDED' 'FOLLOWING'            | window_frame_following

Referenced by: window-frame-between

window_frame_following

window_frame_following          ::= value_expression 'FOLLOWING'

Referenced by: window-frame-bound

window_frame_exclusion

window_frame_exclusion          ::= 'EXCLUDE' ( 'CURRENT' 'ROW' | 'GROUP' | 'TIES' | 'NO' 'OTHERS' )

Referenced by: window-frame-clause

query_specification

query_specification          ::= 'SELECT' set_quantifier? select_list table_expression?

Referenced by: dynamic-single-row-select-statement simple-table

select_list

select_list          ::= ( '*' | select_sublist ( ',' select_sublist )* ( ',' '*' )? ) ( ',' select_sublist )*

Referenced by: query-specification select-statement-single-row

select_sublist

select_sublist          ::= derived_column ( '.' '*' ( 'AS' '(' all_fields_column_name_list ')' )? | as_clause )?

Referenced by: select-list

qualified_asterisk

qualified_asterisk          ::= asterisked_identifier_chain '.' '*'            | all_fields_reference

Not referenced by any.

asterisked_identifier_chain

asterisked_identifier_chain          ::= identifier ( '.' identifier )*

Referenced by: qualified-asterisk

derived_column

derived_column          ::= value_expression as_clause?

Referenced by: select-sublist

as_clause

as_clause          ::= 'AS'? identifier

Referenced by: derived-column select-sublist

all_fields_reference

all_fields_reference          ::= value_expression_primary '.' '*' ( 'AS' '(' all_fields_column_name_list ')' )?

Referenced by: qualified-asterisk

all_fields_column_name_list

all_fields_column_name_list          ::= column_name_list

Referenced by: all-fields-reference select-sublist

query_expression

query_expression          ::= with_clause? query_expression_body order_by_clause? ( result_offset_clause? fetch_first_clause? | limit_clause )

Referenced by: as-subquery-clause cursor-specification derived-table from-subquery subquery view-definition

with_clause

with_clause          ::= 'WITH' 'RECURSIVE'? with_list

Referenced by: query-expression

with_list

with_list          ::= with_list_element ( ',' with_list_element )*

Referenced by: with-clause

with_list_element

with_list_element          ::= identifier ( '(' column_name_list ')' )? 'AS' subquery search_or_cycle_clause?

Referenced by: with-list

query_expression_body

query_expression_body          ::= query_term ( ( 'UNION' | 'EXCEPT' ) ( 'ALL' | 'DISTINCT' )? corresponding_spec? query_term )*

Referenced by: query-expression query-primary

query_term

query_term          ::= query_primary ( 'INTERSECT' ( 'ALL' | 'DISTINCT' )? corresponding_spec? query_primary )*

Referenced by: query-expression-body

query_primary

query_primary          ::= '(' query_expression_body order_by_clause? ( limit_clause | result_offset_clause? fetch_first_clause? )? ')'            | simple_table

Referenced by: query-term

simple_table

simple_table          ::= table_value_constructor            | explicit_table            | query_specification

Referenced by: query-primary

explicit_table

explicit_table          ::= 'TABLE' table_or_query_name

Referenced by: simple-table

corresponding_spec

corresponding_spec          ::= 'CORRESPONDING' ( 'BY' '(' column_name_list ')' )?

Referenced by: query-expression-body query-term

order_by_clause

order_by_clause          ::= 'ORDER' 'BY' sort_specification_list

Referenced by: query-expression query-primary

result_offset_clause

result_offset_clause          ::= 'OFFSET' simple_value_specification ( 'ROW' | 'ROWS' )

Referenced by: query-expression query-primary

fetch_first_clause

fetch_first_clause          ::= 'FETCH' ( 'FIRST' | 'NEXT' ) simple_value_specification? ( 'ROW' | 'ROWS' ) 'ONLY'

Referenced by: query-expression query-primary

search_or_cycle_clause

search_or_cycle_clause          ::= search_clause cycle_clause?            | cycle_clause

Referenced by: with-list-element

search_clause

search_clause          ::= 'SEARCH' recursive_search_order 'SET' identifier

Referenced by: search-or-cycle-clause

recursive_search_order

recursive_search_order          ::= ( 'DEPTH' | 'BREADTH' ) 'FIRST' 'BY' column_name_list

Referenced by: search-clause

cycle_clause

cycle_clause          ::= 'CYCLE' cycle_column_list 'SET' identifier 'TO' value_expression 'DEFAULT' value_expression 'USING' identifier

Referenced by: search-or-cycle-clause

cycle_column_list

cycle_column_list          ::= identifier ( ',' identifier )*

Referenced by: cycle-clause

subquery

subquery ::= '(' query_expression ')'

Referenced by: array-value-constructor-by-query as-subquery-clause derived-table exists-predicate explicit-row-value-constructor in-predicate-value lateral-derived-table match-predicate-part-2 multiset-value-constructor-by-query nonparenthesized-value-expression-primary quantified-comparison-predicate-part-2 table-value-constructor-by-query unique-predicate with-list-element

predicate

predicate          ::= exists_predicate            | unique_predicate            | row_value_predicand ( comparison_predicate | between_predicate | in_predicate | like_predicate | similar_predicate | regex_like_predicate | null_predicate | quantified_comparison_predicate | normalized_predicate | match_predicate | overlaps_predicate | distinct_predicate | member_predicate | submultiset_predicate | set_predicate | type_predicate )?

Referenced by: boolean-primary

comparison_predicate